/22 A subnet mask is a subnet mask with a dotted decimal notation of 255.255.252.0 and a wildcard mask of 0.0.3.255.
/22 subnet masks divide larger networks, like class A and class B networks, into smaller networks (subnetworks). Each of the subnetworks has a range of 1024 IP addresses. The first IP address in this range is the network ID, and the last IP address in this range is the broadcast IP address. Hence, there are 1022 usable IP addresses in a /22 subnet mask.
A /22 network can be further subneted with a /23 subnet mask, /24 subnet mask, a /25 subnet mask, a /26 subnet mask, and higher prefix lengths, which we covered earlier.
For example, if we subnet the network 192.168.0.0/16, which is a class B network with a /22 subnet mask, the network address for the first subnet is 192.168.0.0, the usable IP address range is 192.168.0.1–192.168.3.254, and the broadcast IP address is 192.168.3.255. The network address for the second subnet is 192.168.4.0, the usable IP range is 192.168.4.1–192.168.7.254, and the broadcast IP address is 192.168.7.255.
Here is a table of class B network subnetted with a /22 subnet mask;
| Network Address | Usable IP Range | Broadcast IP |
|---|---|---|
| 192.168.0.0 | 192.168.0.1 - 192.168.3.254 | 192.168.3.255 |
| 192.168.4.0 | 192.168.4.1 - 192.168.7.254 | 192.168.7.255 |
| 192.168.8.0 | 192.168.8.1 - 192.168.11.254 | 192.168.11.255 |
| 192.168.12.0 | 192.168.12.1 - 192.168.15.254 | 192.168.15.255 |
| ... | ... | ... |
| 192.168.252.0 | 192.168.252.1 - 192.168.255.254 | 192.168.255.255 |
/22 Subnet Mask Usable IP Address
There are 1024 ranges of IP addresses in a /22 subnet mask. The first IP address in this range is the network address, and the last in this range is the broadcast IP address. Hence, there are 1022 usable IP addresses in a /22 subnet mask.
/22 Subnet Mask Dotted Decimal Notation
The dotted decimal notation for a /22 subnet mask is 255.255.252.0. This value is gotten by setting the first 22 bits of the 32-bit IPv4 address to ‘1s’, setting the remaining 10 bits to ‘0s’, and converting from binary to decimals.
Subnetting Class B Network with /22 Subnet Mask
To subnet a class B network with a /22 subnet mask, we need to borrow 6 bits from the host bits and add them to the network bits to get 11111111.11111111.11111100.00000000, which is the binary representation for the /22 subnet mask.
When a class B network is subnetted with a /22 subnet mask, 64 subnetworks are obtained. Out of these 64 subnetworks, two (the one with all 0s and the one with all 1s) are reserved for a specific function and therefore cannot be used. This rule in RFC guideline.
Subnetting Class A Network with /22 Subnet Mask
For a Class A network to be subnetted with a /22 prefix length, 14 bits need to be borrowed from the host bits and added to the host bits.
A class B network is subnetted to obtain 16384 subnetworks. This value is gotten from the math: 2^14 = 16384. where 14 is the number of borrowed bits. Out of these 16384 subnetworks, the first and last subnets are not usable according to the RFC guidelines. Hence, there are 16382 usable subnetworks when a Class A network is subnetted with a /22 subnet mask.
How Many host in /22
There is a total of 1024 ranges of IP addresses in the /22 subnet. The first IP address in this range is the network ID, and the last IP address is the broadcast address. Hence, there is a 1022 usable IP address in a /22 subnet mask.
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